ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the correlation of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) level in normal range to metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese women. Methods Female inhabitants aged 40 years in Nan'an community, Chongqing, were recruited to receive questionnaire interview and physical examination. Blood glucose, lipid, liver and kidney function profiles were also examined. A total of 1308 subjects were involved in our study, and they were divided into four groups according to the γ-GT quartiles. The correlation of MS prevalence, odds ratio and the relation of menopausal status with γ-GT level was analyzed. Results As the quartile of serum γ-GT level increased, the multiple metabolic risk profiles tended to deteriorate, and the number of postmenopausal women increased gradually. From the first quartile to the fourth quartile of γ-GT level, the prevalence of MS was 22.5%, 27.4%, 42.7% and 58.5%, respectively (P<0.01). Compared with those subjects in the first quartile of γ-GT, the MS risks in the fourth quartile increased by 2.92-fold, central obesity by 2.31-fold, high triglycerides by 3.76-fold, hypertension by 1.84-fold, and hyperglycemia by 1.63 fold. The γ-GT levels increased significantly in proportion to the number of elements of MS (P<0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that triglycerides, waist circumference, menopausal status, 2h postprandial blood glucose and body mass index were independent influencing factors of γ-GT levels. Conclusions Serum γ-GT is an independent metabolic risk factor related to woman's menopausal status. An increased γ-GT level in normal range might imply an increased MS risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese women.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a murine transplant model for bone marrow purging of metastatic breast cancer and to explore the efficiency of Econazole (Ec) as a purging agent.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mixtures of TSA /Neo breast cancer cells and murine bone marrow cells were transplanted into lethally irradiated mice following purging with Econazole or saline in vitro. The recipient mice were monitored for hematopoietic engraftment, appearance of metastatic nodules in lungs and the overall survival.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the mice receiving i.v. injection of TSA cells developed metastatic lung nodules. The hematological recovery was not delayed in mice transplanted with Ec purged bone marrow. More importantly, metastatic lung nodules were not seen in Ec treated group and the overall survival was improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The purged metastatic breast cancer cell bone marrow transplant model was easily established and reproducible. Ec could be used to purge the bone marrow grafts contaminated with breast cancer cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Bone Marrow Purging , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Cell Line , Econazole , Pharmacology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental , Pathology , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Objective To explore the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2(TIMP-2) in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD) and the association of smoking and TIMP-2 mRNA. Methods The expression of TIMP-2 mRNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 44 patients with COPD and 42 healthy smokers.The correlation analysis was then conducted between TIMP-2 mRNA expression and smoking index. Results The expression of TIMP-2 mRNA was 0.753?0.154 and 1.170?0.196,respectively,in patients with COPD and healthy smokers(P